国务院关于严格保护珍贵稀有野生动物的通令(附英文)
国务院
国务院关于严格保护珍贵稀有野生动物的通令(附英文)
国务院
我国是世界上拥有野生动物种类最多的国家,占世界种类总数百分之十以上。其中大熊猫、金丝猴、台湾猴、羚牛、白唇鹿、黑麂、白鳍豚、扬子鳄、中华鲟、白鲟、褐马鸡、雉鹑、黑颈鹤等一百多种是闻名世界的我国特产珍贵稀有野生动物。此外,还有丹顶鹤、白鹤、朱■、黑鹳、
天鹅、黄腹角雉、绿尾虹雉、白冠长尾雉、多种长臂猿、叶猴、毛冠鹿、雪豹、野骆驼等珍稀濒危种类的野生动物。野生动物是我国一项宝贵的自然资源,长期以来由于多方面的原因,使这项自然资源面临枯竭的危险。保护及合理利用这项资源,对维护自然生态平衡,开展科学研究,发展
经济、文化、教育、医药、卫生等事业有着重要意义。近几年来,不少地区仍发生猎捕珍贵稀有野生动物,严重破坏这些动物的栖息环境事件,以及违章出口这些动物及其产品等违法行为。
为了坚决制止上述违法行为,加强珍贵稀有野生动物保护管理工作,特通令如下:
一、保护珍贵稀有野生动物是建设社会主义精神文明和物质文明的一项重要内容,是每个公民应尽的职责。各级人民政府应高度重视,加强领导,责成有关部门,采取有效措施,切实抓好这项工作。要加强保护珍贵稀有野生动物的宣传教育,造成强大的社会舆论,力求做到家喻户晓,
深入人心,使爱护珍贵稀有野生动物逐渐成为一种新的社会风尚和美德。为了把这项工作搞好,各地应结合“爱鸟周”及本地区的具体情况,集中一段时间开展这方面的宣传教育活动。
二、坚决制止乱捕滥猎珍贵稀有野生动物。要严格执行国家和省、市、自治区关于保护珍贵稀有野生动物的规定,对违反这些规定,私自猎捕珍贵稀有野生动物,买卖,走私出口这些动物及其产品的违法犯罪活动,必须彻底追查,依法惩办。要抓住典型案件,从严从速处理,关在报刊
上公布,以教育广大干部和群众。与此同时,对保护珍贵稀有野生动物有显著成绩的单位和个人要给予表扬和奖励。
三、各地要进一步加强对狩猎生产和猎枪、猎具的管理。未经国务院主管部门批准,任何单位不准擅自生产、销售猎枪和汽枪。国家关于禁猎的地区和时间以及禁止使用的狩猎工具和方法的规定,必须严格执行,违者依法惩处。
四、禁止珍贵稀有野生动物及其产品的出口。如有特殊需要出口时,必须按国家规定严格履行审批手续,并由“中华人民共和国濒危物种进出口管理办公室”核准,发给允许出口证明书。
五、加强珍贵稀有野生动物的科学研究工作,有计划地开展这些动物的资源考察和人工驯养繁殖等工作。为了驯养目的需要捕捉国家规定保护的野生动物时,应按规定履行审批手续。
六、注意保护珍贵稀有野生动物的生存环境。对珍贵稀有野生动物的主要栖息繁殖地区应按国家规定划为保护区或禁猎区,加强管理和建设。对于濒危野生动物的主要繁殖地应禁止一切影响其繁殖生存的生产活动。
以上通令,应公告全体公民周知,切实遵照执行。(附英文)
A CIRCULAR DECREE OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING STRICT PROTEC-TION OF PRECIOUS AND RARE WILD ANIMALS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
A CIRCULAR DECREE OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING STRICT PROTEC-
TION OF PRECIOUS AND RARE WILD ANIMALS
(Promulgated on April 13, 1983)
Ours is a country which has the largest varieties of wild animals in the
world, accounting for over 10% of the world's total number of varieties of
wild animals. Among these wild animals are giant panda, golden monkey,
Taiwan monkey, takin, Cervus albirostris, Muntiacus crinifrons, Chinese
river dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer), Chinese alligator, Acipenser sinensis,
Chinese paddlefish, Crossoptilon mantchuricum, jacana, and black-necked
crane, and others --- a total of more than 100 species of precious and
rare wild animals, well known to the world and found exclusively in our
country. Besides those mentioned above, there are some wild animals, such
as red-crowned crane, white crane, red ibis, Ciconia nigra, swan, yellow-
ventraled horned jacana, green-tailed jacana, white-crowned long-tailed
pheasant, gibbon, black-leaf monkey, tufted deer, snow leopard, and wild
camel, which are species of precious and rare wild animals on the brink of
extinction. Wild animals are valuable natural resources of our country,
but for a long time, owing to various reasons, these natural resources
have been faced with the danger of being exhausted. The protection and
rational utilization of these natural resources are of great significance
in maintaining ecological balance, carrying on scientific research,
developing national economy, and promoting the development of culture,
education, medicine, and public health. In the past few years, cases of
hunting precious and rare wild animals, seriously destroying the habitats
of these wild animals, and the illegal acts of exporting these animals and
products made from them, have been frequently reported in various places.
This circular decree is hereby issued in order to check resolutely the
aforesaid illegal acts, and strengthen the protection of and the
administration concerning the precious and rare wild animals:
(1) The protection of precious and rare wild animals constitutes an
important aspect in promoting socialist spiritual civilization and
socialist material civilization, and is also a bounden duty of every
citizen. The people's government at various levels should attach great
importance to this task, strengthen their leadership, and give
administrative orders to the departments concerned to adopt effective
measures to carry out this task. It is imperative to step up publicity and
educational work concerning the protection of precious and rare wild
animals so as to form powerful public opinion in support of this task. The
significance of this task should be made known to everybody, to every
household, so that a new social mode will gradually form under which the
protection of precious and rare wild animals is seen as a virtue and is
concerned by the whole society. In order to do a good job in this respect,
it is necessary to launch a publicity campaign for a period of time; while
we do this, we should integrate our publicity campaign with another
activity --- "a weekly publicity campaign for the protection of birds" ---
and take the local specific conditions into consideration.
(2) Indiscriminate catching and wanton hunting of precious and rare wild
animals must be checked resolutely. The provisions concerning the
protection of precious and rare wild animals, promulgated by the State and
by the provinces, the municipalities directly under the Central Government
or the autonomous regions, must be executed strictly. Those who have
violated these provisions and are engaged in hunting precious and rare
wild animals, in buying, selling, or smuggling out of the country these
animals and products made from them illegally, must be thoroughly
investigated and penalized according to law. Typical cases shall be dealt
with promptly and severely, and be published in newspapers for the purpose
of educating all cadres and the broad masses. At the same time, units and
individuals that have done a good job in protecting precious and rare wild
animals shall be commended and rewarded.
(3) The departments concerned in various places must further strengthen
the control over the hunting occupation and over hunting occupation and
over hunting rifles and hunting gear. Without the approval of the
competent authorities under the State Council, no units are permitted to
manufacture and sell hunting rifles and air guns. The provisions
promulgated by the State concerning the prohibition of hunting in certain
areas and hunting in certain seasons, and of the use of a particular kind
of hunting gear and hunting method, must be strictly executed; those who
have violated these provisions shall be penalized according to law.
(4) The exportation of precious and rare wild animals and products made
from them is forbidden. In cases where such exports are necessary, the
cases must be handled by strictly going through the procedures for
examination and approval in accordance with the provisions promulgated by
the State, and the said cases shall be examined and approved by the Office
of the People's Republic of China for the Administration of the Import and
Export of Species on the Brink of Extinction, which shall be responsible
for issuing the export certificate.
(5) Scientific research on precious and rare wild animals shall be
strengthened. Research work shall be conducted in a planned way into the
resources survey and the artificial breeding and raising methods of such
animals. In case that wild animals, which should be protected in
accordance with the provisions promulgated by the State, have to be caught
for the purpose of carrying on experiments in the domestication of wild
animals, it is necessary to go through the prescribed procedures for
examination and approval.
(6) Attention should be paid to the protection of the environment for the
survival of precious and rare wild animals. The chief habitats and areas
of breeding for precious and rare wild animals shall, in accordance with
the provisions promulgated by the State, be designated as nature reserves
or sanctuaries, the administration of which should be strengthened and the
construction speeded up. With respect to the chief breeding places for
those wild animals that are now on the brink of extinction, all production
activities that might adversely affect the breeding and subsistence of the
aforesaid animals shall be banned.
The circular decree, as defined above, is hereby made known to all
citizens, who have the obligations to carry it out conscientiously.
1983年4月13日
汕头经济特区旅游市场管理办法(废止)
广东省汕头市人民政府
汕头市人民政府令第17号
《汕头经济特区旅游市场管理办法》已经1997年9月16日的市人民政府常务会议讨论通过,现予发布,自发布之日起施行。
市长 周日方
一九九七年十月七日
汕头经济特区旅游市场管理办法
第一条 为加快发展旅游产业,规范旅游市场行为,保护旅游者和旅游经营者的合法权益,根据国家有关法律、法规,结合汕头经济特区(以下简称特区)实际,制定本办法。
第二条 鼓励有条件的企业、事业单位、经济组织或个人在特区依法从事旅游业经营活动。
第三条 市旅游局是特区旅游业的行业管理部门(以下简称市旅游管理部门),负责本办法的组织实施和检查监督。
各级工商、公安、建设、规划、环保、环卫、国土、物价、卫生、计划、外经贸、交通、文化等有关部门应按照各自的职责,协助市旅游管理部门实施本办法。
第四条 旅游业经营者必须依法经营,自觉遵守旅游行业规定的标准,遵循宾客至上、优质服务的社会主义职业道德规范。
旅游业经营者必须严格执行国家、省和特区有关旅游安全管理的规定,保障旅游者人身安全和财产安全。
第五条 旅游企业应根据旅游行业的特点,依照有关规定对企业的管理人员、技术人员和服务人员进行岗位培训和考核。
第六条 市旅游管理部门对旅游业经营者实行公告制度。公告分为开业公告、变更名称公告、吊销许可证公告等。
第七条 旅游者和旅游业经营者对损害其合法权益的,有权向市旅游管理部门或其他有关部门投诉。
第八条 旅游企业可通过旅游行业协会等依法成立的社团组织协调旅游价格。
第九条 任何单位和个人都有保护旅游资源的义务,有对破坏旅游资源的行为进行制止、检举和控告的权利。
第十条 凡符合开办条件、申请设立旅行社的,在参加旅行社业务经营权投标中标后,应经省、市旅游管理部门核准,发给《旅行社业务经营许可证》,同时在30日内向工商行政管理部门办理注册登记手续,领取营业执照,方可开业。
旅行社每年由省、市旅游管理部门进行年检,年检合格的方可继续从业。
第十一条 旅行社及其分支机构按照《旅行社业务经营许可证》确定的范围经营旅行社业务。旅行社不得转让或变相转让《旅行社业务经营许可证》。
第十二条 旅行社应按国家旅游局《旅行社质量保证金暂行规定》及其《实施细则》的规定足额缴纳质量保证金。
第十三条 旅行社申请经营出境游业务包括申请代理出境业务,申请设立出境游业务代办点,一律按国家和省旅游管理部门有关规定执行。
第十四条 旅行社应按照旅行合同或与旅游者约定提供服务。
第十五条 旅行社应为旅游者和上岗导游办理旅游意外保险。
第十六条 旅行社组织、引导旅游者住宿、就餐、购物,应安排在旅游定点单位。
第十七条 未经旅行社聘用,任何人不得私自从事导游业务。旅行社不得聘用无导游证者从事导游业务。
第十八条 旅行社组织旅游团异地旅游,应接受当地旅游管理部门的依法管理。
外地旅行社组织旅游团到特区旅游,应接受市旅游管理部门的依法管理。
第十九条 外地旅行社需在特区设立从事宣传、联络等非经营性活动的办事机构时,应向市旅游管理部门提出申请,经批准后方可设立,但不得从事旅行社招徕和接待业务。
第二十条 导游员(含兼职导游员)实行面向社会、公开招考的制度。凡参加国家旅游局统一组织的导游员资格考试合格者,可取得导游员资格。导游员应自觉接受旅游管理部门的资格年审。
第二十一条 导游员应持证上岗,佩带胸卡;不得索要小费,收受回扣、私收佣金、超计划安排购物次数;不得将旅游者带往非旅游定点单位住宿、就餐和购物等。
第二十二条 旅游涉外饭店符合星级饭店条件的,要按照国家关于《旅游涉外饭店星级的划分及评定》的国家标准,参加星级评定,纳入规范化管理。
第二十三条 星级饭店要按照星级标准向客人提供相应的服务。
第二十四条 旅游业经营者及其从业人员应自觉接受市旅游管理部门的依法管理、指导和监督检查。
旅游管理部门监察人员执行公务时,应出示广东省人民政府统一制作的行政执法证。对不出示行政执法证的人员,当事人有权拒绝接受检查。
第二十五条 旅游业经营者违反本办法,有下列行为之一者,由市旅游管理部门给予如下处罚;构成违反治安管理行为的,由公安机关依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》给予处罚;情节严重,构成犯罪的,由司法机关依法追究刑事责任:
(一)违反本办法第十条规定,未取得《旅行社业务经营许可证》或未经年检合格而擅自开展旅行社业务的,依照《旅行社管理条例》第三十二条的规定,责令停止非法经营,没收违法所得,并处10000元以上50000元以下的罚款;不办理工商登记注册手续的,由工商行政管理部门依法查处。
(二)违反本办法第十一条第一款规定的,依照《旅行社管理条例》第三十三条的规定,责令限期改正,没收违法所得,并处5000元以上20000元以下的罚款;情节严重的,吊销《旅行社业务经营许可证》,并提请工商行政管理部门吊销营业执照。
(三)违反本办法第十四条、第十六条规定的,视情节轻重分别给予警告、责令限期改正、处5000元以下罚款的处罚,并对单位负责人或直接责任人处1000元以下的罚款。
(四)违反本办法第十七条第一款规定的,责令改正,没收违法所得,并处1000元以下的罚款;属导游员的,并处吊销导游证。
违反本办法第十七条第二款规定的,依照《旅行社管理条例》第三十三条的规定,责令限期改正;逾期不改正的,处以5000元以上20000元以下的罚款;情节严重的,吊销《旅行社业务经营许可证》,并提请工商行政管理部门吊销营业执照。 (五)违反本办法第十九条规定的,责令限期改正,并处以5000元以上10000元以下的罚款。
第二十六条 违反本办法第二十三条规定的,由市旅游管理部门会同有关部门责令限期改正,赔偿损失,并处以1000元以上5000元以下的罚款;情节严重的,降低或取消所评定的星级。
第二十七条 旅游经营单位和个人在旅游经营中,给旅游者或他人造成人身损害或财产损失的,应依法承担赔偿责任。
旅游者或其他人员损坏旅游服务设施的,依法承担赔偿责任。
第二十八条 旅游管理部门的工作人员玩忽职守、徇私舞弊、滥用职权的,由所在单位或上级行政主管部门给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。
第二十九条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的,按国家、省行政诉讼和行政复议的有关规定执行。
第三十条 各县(市)的旅游市场管理工作,可参照本办法执行。
第三十一条 本办法自发布之日起施行。